Forward
Preface
1. Introduction
| Establishing the Rationale: Demographics of Students in Our Classrooms |
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| Setting the Context: Laws That Impact Program Options for CLDE Students |
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| New Directions in Teacher Training |
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| Activities for Further Understanding |
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SECTION I: Understanding Student Backgrounds
2. Collaborating With Families
| Creating Relationships With CLD Families |
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| Considerations of Culture When Working With CLD Families |
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| Activities for Further Understanding |
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3. Understanding Language Acquisition
| Interlanguage: The Journey From First Language to Second Language Proficiency |
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| Second Language Acquisition Theories |
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| Factors Affecting Second Language Acquisition |
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| Activities For Further Understanding |
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4. Understanding Fluency
| Proficiency: What Does It Mean to Be "Fluent" in a Language? |
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| Cummins's BICS and CALPS Model |
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| Canale and Swain's Four-Part Model of Communicative Competence |
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| Activities For Further Understanding |
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Section II: Strategies for Assessment and Planning for Instruction
5. Strategies for the Assessment Process
| The Instruction/Assessment Cycle in Special Education |
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| Thes Eligibility Process and CLDE Students |
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| Tailoring Assessment Procedures for CLDE Students |
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| Activities for Further Understanding |
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6. Collaboration Skills
| Diversifying the Concept of Collaboration |
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| Foundations of Collaboration |
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| Creating a Collaborative School Culture |
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| Co-Teaching as Collaboration |
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| Working With Paraprofessionals |
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| Activities For Further Understanding |
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7. Planning Instruction
| A Philosophy of Differentiation |
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| Universal Design for Learning |
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| Application of Differentiation and UDL: Backward Design Planning |
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| Planning Pyramid for Instruction and RTI |
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| Planning and Classroom Management |
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| Activities For Further Understanding |
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8. Culturally Relevant Pedagogy
| Introduction and Definitions |
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| Develop and Maintain Strong Teacher-Student Relationships |
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| Emphasize Consistent Dialogical Interaction |
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| Incorporate and Validate Space for Student Voice and Identity |
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| Make Content Relevant to All Students in the Classroom |
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| Activities For Further Understanding |
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Section III: Strategies for Content and Language Acquisition
9. Teaching Strategies: An Integrated Content-Language Approach
| Strategy 9.1: Making the Content Comprehensible With the 3-Way Model |
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| Strategy 9.2: Front-Loading and Emphasizing the Academic Language and Key Concepts of the Lesson |
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| Strategy 9.3: Accessing and Explicitly Teaching the Cultural and Content Schemata Needed for the Lesson |
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| Strategy 9.4: Allowing Students Time to Clarify in the First Language |
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| Strategy 9.5: Helping Students Organize and Access Academic Information: Explicit Strategy Instruction |
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| Activities For Further Understanding |
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10. Strategies for Promoting the Participation
| Strategy 10.1: Creating a Comfortable Classroom Environment |
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| Strategy 10.2: Increasing Interaction in the Classroom: Heterogeneous Groupings |
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| Strategy 10.3: Encourage Extended Participation From CLDE Students |
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| Activities For Further Understanding |
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11. Strategies for Explicit Grammar Instruction
| Different Strategies for Teaching Grammar |
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| Activities For Further Understanding |
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Section IV: Strategies for Literacy Instruction
12. Strategies for Teaching Reading
| Reading Components and CLDE Students |
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| Activities to Increase Background Knowledge |
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| Reading Strategy Instruction |
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| Strategies to Help Students Analyze, Organize, and Interact With the Content |
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| Activities For Further Understanding |
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13. Strategies for Teaching the Writing Process
| Written Expression Challenges for Students With Special Needs |
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| Written Expression Challenges for CLDE Students |
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| Explicit Instruction of the Writing Process |
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| Example of Explicit Instruction of the Writing Process |
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| Activities for Further Understanding |
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14. Challenges When Teaching Writing
| Specific Writing Challenges for CLDE Students |
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| Activities For Further Understanding |
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15. Strategies for Written Error Correction
| Considerations When Correcting CLDE Student's Writing |
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| Activities For Further Understanding |
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