Developing Mathematical Reasoning
Cameron Harris, Contributing Writer
- Grade Level: PreK-12
- ISBN: 9781071948262
- Published By: Corwin
- Series: Corwin Mathematics Series
- Year: 2025
- Page Count: 296
- Publication date: March 06, 2025
Review Copies
Review copies may be requested by individuals planning to purchase 10 or more copies for a team or considering a book for adoption in a higher ed course. To request a review copy, contact sales@corwin.com.
Description
Math is not rote-memorizable. Math is not random-guessable. Math is figure-out-able.
Author Pam Harris argues that teaching real math—math that is free of distortions–will reach more students more effectively and result in deeper understanding and longer retention. This book is about teaching undistorted math using the kinds of mental reasoning that mathematicians do.
Memorization tricks and algorithms meant to make math “easier” are full of traps that sacrifice long-term student growth for short-lived gains. Students and teachers alike have been led to believe that they’ve learned more and more math, but in reality their brains never get any stronger.
Using these tricks may make facts easier to memorize in isolation, but that very disconnect distorts the reality of math. The mountain of trivia piles up until students hit a breaking point. Humanity's most powerful system of understanding, organizing, and making an impact on the world becomes a soul-draining exercise in confusion, chaos, and lost opportunities.
Developing Mathematical Reasoning: Avoiding the Trap of Algorithms emphasizes the importance of teaching students increasingly sophisticated mathematical reasoning and understanding underlying concepts rather than relying on a set rule for solving problems. This book illuminates a hierarchy of mathematical reasoning to help teachers guide students through various domains of math development, from basic counting and adding to more complex proportional and functional reasoning.
Everyone is capable of understanding and doing real math. This book:
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Highlights the important mathematical relationships, strategies, and models for students to develop
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Offers personal stories, reflection sections, and extensive practical exercises for easy implementation
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Includes real math—a lot of it—to provide teachers with examples they can put to use in their classrooms immediately
This book is a valuable resource for educators looking to reach more students by building a strong foundation of mathematical thinking in their students. By addressing common misconceptions about math and providing practical strategies for teaching real math, this book shows that everyone can use the mathematical relationships they already know to reason about new relationships. In other words, everyone can math.
Author(s)

Pamela Weber Harris
Pamela Weber Harris is changing the way we view and teach mathematics. Pam is the author of several books, including the Numeracy Problems Strings K-5 series, Building Powerful Numeracy, and the series Foundations for Strategies. As a mom, a former high school math teacher, a university lecturer, and an author, she believes everyone can do more math when it is based in reasoning rather than rote-memorizing or mimicking. Pam has created online Building Powerful Mathematics workshops and presents frequently at national and international conferences. Her particular interests include teaching real math, building powerful numeracy, sequencing rich tasks to construct mathematics, using technology appropriately, and facilitating smart assessment and vertical connectivity in curricula in schools PK-12. Pam helps leaders and teachers to make the shift that supports students to learn real math because math is figureoutable!
Table of Contents
Preface
Chapter 1: Math Is Figure-Out-Able
Chapter 2: Developing Mathematical Reasoning
Chapter 3: The Trap of Addition and Subtraction Algorithms
Chapter 4: The Trap of Multiplication and Division Algorithms
Chapter 5: The Trap of Fraction- and Proportion-Solving Algorithms
Chapter 6: Lost in Functional Reasoning
Chapter 7: If Not Algorithms, Then What?
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
#MathStratChat – an example of Problem Talks and Problem Strings
References
Index
Reviews
with mathematical reasoning.
Are you teaching operations, fractions or functions? If so, Harris has some gorgeous ideas for you—showing us the ways they are all ‘figure-out-able’Jo Boaler
with mathematical reasoning.
Stanford University
mathematics to the hierarchies of mathematical reasoning, Harris helps us understand how math and math teaching have become entangled in
a tension between algorithms and reasoning, and then shows us how to untangle this tension through a series of real classroom examples. In so
doing, Harris shows us that math is, actually, ‘figure-out-able.’
Developing Mathematical Reasoning is every teacher’s guide to breaking away from algorithmic-centered teaching. From the three distortions ofPeter Liljedahl
mathematics to the hierarchies of mathematical reasoning, Harris helps us understand how math and math teaching have become entangled in
a tension between algorithms and reasoning, and then shows us how to untangle this tension through a series of real classroom examples. In so
doing, Harris shows us that math is, actually, ‘figure-out-able.’
Simon Fraser University
hierarchy of reasoning domains and advocating for a strategy-centered approach, this book equips educators with vital tools to empower students and deepen their understanding of mathematics.
Harris explores the limitations of an algorithm-centered classroom and emphasizes the need for true mathematical reasoning. By presenting aGraham Fletcher
hierarchy of reasoning domains and advocating for a strategy-centered approach, this book equips educators with vital tools to empower students and deepen their understanding of mathematics.
empowers educators with practical insights and steps to help students become true mathematical thinkers, not just mimickers—essential for a world that needs confident reasoners.
Chock full of real stories about real people engaging with real math, Developing Mathematical Reasoning lives up to its title. Harris beautifullyJames Tanton
empowers educators with practical insights and steps to help students become true mathematical thinkers, not just mimickers—essential for a world that needs confident reasoners.
The Global Math Project
strong argument for why algorithms should not be the focus of instruction if we truly want to produce numerate, mathematically empowered thinkers.
This book is a gem that should be read by every teacher of mathematics. Harris offers a K–12 continuum of narratives from classrooms and builds aCatherine Fosnot
strong argument for why algorithms should not be the focus of instruction if we truly want to produce numerate, mathematically empowered thinkers.
New Perspectives on Learning
help students reason their way to understand math conceptually. With each step in the progression, you learn how to help students graduate to more sophisticated ways of thinking and math-ing.
This book is a gift for all teachers, especially those of us raised in the era of algorithms and rote memorization. Harris walks you through how toLiesl McConchie
help students reason their way to understand math conceptually. With each step in the progression, you learn how to help students graduate to more sophisticated ways of thinking and math-ing.
her joyful explanations of what can be possible when we have the right attitude and mindset, are essential for today’s educators to absorb and
integrate into their classrooms.
From the very first page, this book grabbed me and refused to let go. Harris’s insights into the challenges of learning mathematics, as well asEddie Woo
her joyful explanations of what can be possible when we have the right attitude and mindset, are essential for today’s educators to absorb and
integrate into their classrooms.
University of Sydney
beyond algorithm repetition and instead promote real mathematical reasoning and problem solving, raising expectations and fostering deeper
understanding for all students. A transformative read for anyone looking to elevate math instruction.
Harris critiques traditional math instruction by highlighting three key distortions about what math truly is. She encourages educators to movePamela Seda
beyond algorithm repetition and instead promote real mathematical reasoning and problem solving, raising expectations and fostering deeper
understanding for all students. A transformative read for anyone looking to elevate math instruction.
Seda Educational Consulting, LLC
to open students’ horizons and get them to use what they already know to tackle new problems.
Harris takes you on an adventure that fast-tracks you along her journey of discovering how students learn best. A must-read for anyone wantingChristopher Hogbin
to open students’ horizons and get them to use what they already know to tackle new problems.
Number Hive
much more than memorized procedures. Her insights may ruffle some feathers about long held beliefs on math instruction. But the invitation to
reach more deeply into real mathematics will open many eyes.
This is a timely and, ultimately, brave book about mathematics. Harris shines a light on ineffective practices and reminds us that math is soJohn R. Tapper
much more than memorized procedures. Her insights may ruffle some feathers about long held beliefs on math instruction. But the invitation to
reach more deeply into real mathematics will open many eyes.
All Learners Network
This book is a must-have! I grew up in the trap of the algorithm. I made it through school with good math grades because I was a good rule follower. It wasn’t until I was getting my master’s degree that I learned I didn’t know mathematics, I was just good at arithmetic.Christina Tondevold
The Recovering Traditionalist
abstracts the essence of math, guiding teachers on how to help students deeply understand concepts rather than just memorize procedures. Harris
has always been a brilliant resource for educators, helping them uncover the ‘why’ behind the math, and this book is a testament to her passion
and expertise.
Harris is not only a dear friend but also an incredible advocate for teaching math in a way that truly empowers students. In this book, she beautifullyIndia White
abstracts the essence of math, guiding teachers on how to help students deeply understand concepts rather than just memorize procedures. Harris
has always been a brilliant resource for educators, helping them uncover the ‘why’ behind the math, and this book is a testament to her passion
and expertise.
National Ed Consultants
age when quick answers are coming quicker than ever, Pamela Weber Harris encourages us to slow down. Using concrete examples and vignettes, Harris demonstrates how traditional teaching methods tend to short-change development by pushing procedural thinking. This book teaches how to navigate around those traps and build classrooms rich with reasoning.
Developing Mathematical Reasoning makes the bold assertion that math instruction should teach students to think mathematically. In this day andDavid Woodward
age when quick answers are coming quicker than ever, Pamela Weber Harris encourages us to slow down. Using concrete examples and vignettes, Harris demonstrates how traditional teaching methods tend to short-change development by pushing procedural thinking. This book teaches how to navigate around those traps and build classrooms rich with reasoning.
Forefront Education
Review Copies
Review copies may be requested by individuals planning to purchase 10 or more copies for a team or considering a book for adoption in a higher ed course. To request a review copy, contact sales@corwin.com.
Related Professional Learning
Related WebinarsRelated Resources
- Chapter 3 "Try It!" Example From Developing Mathematical Reasoning - opens in a new tab [Lessons and Strategies]
- Chapter 3: How Are You Thinking About Addition Right Now? From Developing Mathematical Reasoning - opens in a new tab [Lessons and Strategies]